Board Thread:Fun and Games/@comment-39133133-20200220180531/@comment-39133133-20200224120412

next turn year 1816

events

-Sir Humphry Davy's Davy lamp is first tested underground as a coal mining safety lamp, at Hebburn Colliery in northeast England

-Fire nearly destroys the city of St. John's, Newfoundland.

-Friedrich Karl Ludwig, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Beck, dies and is succeeded by Friedrich Wilhelm, his son and founder of the House of Glücksburg.

- Gioachino Rossini's opera buffa The Barber of Seville premières at the Teatro Argentina in Rome.

-U.S. Secretary of State James Monroe is nominated by a caucus of Democratic-Republican Party members of Congress, to be its party's representative in the U.S. presidential election; Monroe receives 65 votes, and Secretary of War William H. Crawford receives 54 votes

-The Institut de France is reorganized by King Louis XVIII of France into four academies: a revived Académie française; the Royal Academy of Inscriptions and Belles Lettres; the Royal Academy of Sciences; and the Royal Academy of Beaux Arts. [6]

-The United States signs a treaty with the Cherokee Nation, acknowledging that it will return land in Alabama and Georgia that had been illegally ceded to the U.S. in 1814 by the Creek Nation; General Andrew Jackson refuses to honor the treaty, and uses the controversy as a justification for removing Indians from the southeastern United States.

-The Second Bank of the United States obtains its charter.

- In Philadelphia, the African Methodist Episcopal Church is established by Richard Allen and other African-American Methodists, the first such denomination in the U.S. completely independent of White churches.

-The French Caisse des dépôts et consignations, a public investment body, is created by Louis XVIII

- Leopold of Saxe-Coburg (later King of the Belgians) marries Charlotte Augusta, but she dies the next year.

-Divorce is abolished in France by the Chambre introuvable, after having been permitted following the French Revolution.[9]

- The Governorate of Estonia of the Russian Empire emancipates its peasants from serfdom

- Battle of Seven Oaks: The Hudson's Bay Company is defeated by the North West Company, near Winnipeg, Canada.

-Lord Byron, Mary Wollstonecraft Godwin, Percy Bysshe Shelley and John Polidori, gathered at the Villa Diodati by Lake Geneva in a rainy Switzerland, tell each other tales. This gives rise to two classic Gothic narratives: Mary Shelley's Frankenstein, and Polidori's The Vampyre.

-The French passenger ship Medusa runs aground off the coast of Senegal, with 140 lives lost in the botched rescue that takes weeks, leading to a scandal in the French government.

-The United Provinces of South America (today Argentina, Uruguay, Bolivia and southern Brazil) declares independence from Spain.

-The Treaty of St. Louis, between the United States and the Council of Three Fires tribes, is signed in St. Louis.

- Bombardment of Algiers: Various European allied ships force Omar Agha, Dey of Algiers to free Christian slaves. [oof]

- Pope Pius VII sends a directive to Stanisław Bohusz Siestrzeńcewicz, the Roman Catholic Archbishop of Mohilev, advising Siestrzeńcewicz not to continue the Russian Bible Society's plans to circulate the Scriptures written in the Russian language, commenting that "if the Sacred Scriptures were allowed in the vulgar tongue, more detriment than benefit would arise.

- King Louis XVIII dissolves the Chambre introuvable, the legislature that had been elected, after the Second Bourbon Restoration re-established the old monarchy

-Penang Free School is founded by Rev. Sparke Hutchings, on the island of Penang (in modern-day Malaysia).

– 1816 United States presidential election: James Monroe defeats Rufus King.

-The University of Warsaw is established.

-December 11 – Indiana is admitted as the 19th U.S. state

-The thrones of Sicily and Naples are merged into the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies, under King Ferdinand I.

-The American Colonization Society is established, to support the emigration of free African Americans to Africa.